The Social Transformation of American Medicine: The Rise of a Sovereign Profession and the Making of a Vast Industry
Author: Paul Starr
Winner of the 1983 Pulitzer Prize and the Bancroft Prize in American History, this is a landmark history of how the entire American health care system of doctors, hospitals, health plans, and government programs has evolved over the last two centuries.
Charles McGrath
....This important book is written with wit, irony and great style. --The New York Times Books of the Century
What People Are Saying
H. Jack Geiger
"The definitive social history of the medical profession in America....A monumental achievement."
Table of Contents:
| Preface | ix | |
| Acknowledgments | xiii | |
| Book 1 | A Sovereign Profession: The Rise of Medical Authority and the Shaping of the Medical System | |
| Introduction: The Social Origins of Professional Sovereignty | 3 | |
| The Roots of Authority | ||
| Dependence and Legitimacy | ||
| Cultural Authority and Occupational Control | ||
| Steps in a Transformation | ||
| The Growth of Medical Authority | ||
| From Authority to Economic Power | ||
| Strategic Position and the Defense of Autonomy | ||
| Chapter 1 | Medicine in a Democratic Culture, 1760-1850 | 30 |
| Domestic Medicine | ||
| Professional Medicine | ||
| From England to America | ||
| Professional Education on an Open Market | ||
| The Frustration of Professionalism | ||
| The Medical Counterculture | ||
| Popular Medicine | ||
| The Thomsonians and the Frustration of Anti-Professionalism | ||
| The Eclipse of Legitimate Complexity | ||
| Chapter 2 | The Expansion of the Market | 60 |
| The Emerging Market Before the Civil War | ||
| The Changing Ecology of Medical Practice | ||
| The Local Transportation Revolution | ||
| Work, Time, and the Segregation of Disorder | ||
| The Market and Professional Autonomy | ||
| Chapter 3 | The Consolidation of Professional Authority, 1850-1930 | 79 |
| Physicians and Social Structure in Mid-Nineteenth-Century America | ||
| Class | ||
| Status | ||
| Powerlessness | ||
| Medicine's Civil War and Reconstruction | ||
| The Origins of Medical Sectarianism | ||
| Conflict and Convergence | ||
| Licensing and Organization | ||
| Medical Education and the Restoration of Occupational Control | ||
| Reform from Above | ||
| Consolidating the System | ||
| The Aftermath of Reform | ||
| The Retreat of Private Judgment | ||
| Authority over Medication | ||
| Ambiguity and Competence | ||
| The Renewal of Legitimate Complexity | ||
| Chapter 4 | The Reconstitution of the Hospital | 145 |
| The Inner Transformation | ||
| Hospitals Before and After 1870 | ||
| The Making of the Modern Hospital | ||
| The Triumph of the Professional Community | ||
| The Pattern of the Hospital System | ||
| Class, Politics, and Ethnicity | ||
| The Peculiar Bureaucracy | ||
| Chapter 5 | The Boundaries of Public Health | 180 |
| Public Health, Private Practice | ||
| The Dispensary and the Limits of Charity | ||
| Health Departments and the Limits of Government | ||
| From Reform to the Checkup | ||
| The Modernization of Dirt and the New Public Health | ||
| The Prevention of Health Centers | ||
| Chapter 6 | Escape from the Corporation, 1900-1930 | 198 |
| Professional Resistance to Corporate Control | ||
| Company Doctors and Medical Companies | ||
| Consumers' Clubs | ||
| The Origins and Limits of Private Group Practice | ||
| Capitalism and the Doctors | ||
| Why No Corporate Enterprise in Medical Care? | ||
| Professionalism and the Division of Labor | ||
| The Economic Structure of American Medicine | ||
| Book 2 | The Struggle for Medical Care: Doctors, the State, and the Coming of the Corporation | |
| Chapter 1 | The Mirage of Reform | 235 |
| A Comparative Perspective | ||
| The Origins of Social Insurance | ||
| Why America Lagged | ||
| Grand Illusions, 1915-1920 | ||
| The Democratization of Efficiency | ||
| Labor and Capital Versus Reform | ||
| Defeat Comes to the Progressives | ||
| Evolution in Defeat, 1920-1932 | ||
| The New Deal and Health Insurance, 1932-1943 | ||
| The Making of Social Security | ||
| The Depression, Welfare Medicine, and the Doctors | ||
| A Second Wind | ||
| Symbolic Politics, 1943-1950 | ||
| Socialized Medicine and the Cold War | ||
| Three Times Denied | ||
| Chapter 2 | The Triumph of Accommodation | 290 |
| The Birth of the Blues, 1929-1945 | ||
| The Emergence of Blue Cross | ||
| Holding the Line | ||
| The Physicians' Shield | ||
| The Rise of Private Social Security, 1945-1959 | ||
| Enter the Unions | ||
| A Struggle for Control | ||
| The Growth of Prepaid Group Practice | ||
| The Commercial Edge | ||
| The Accommodation of Insurance | ||
| Chapter 3 | The Liberal Years | 335 |
| Aid and Autonomy, 1945-1960 | ||
| Public Investment in Science | ||
| The Tilt Toward the Hospital | ||
| The Structural Impact of Postwar Policy | ||
| The New Structure of Opportunity | ||
| The New Structure of Power | ||
| Redistribution without Reorganization, 1961-1969 | ||
| The Liberal Opportunity | ||
| Redistributive Reform and Its Impact | ||
| The Politics of Accommodation | ||
| Chapter 4 | End of a Mandate | 379 |
| Losing Legitimacy, 1970-1974 | ||
| Discovery of a Crisis | ||
| The Contradictions of Accommodation | ||
| The Generalization of Rights | ||
| The Conservative Assimilation of Reform | ||
| Health Policy in a Blocked Society, 1975-1980 | ||
| An Obstructed Path | ||
| The Generalization of Doubt | ||
| The Liberal Impasse | ||
| The Reprivatization of the Public Household | ||
| Chapter 5 | The Coming of the Corporation | 420 |
| Zero-Sum Medical Practice | ||
| The Doctor "Surplus" and Competition | ||
| Collision Course | ||
| The Growth of Corporate Medicine | ||
| Elements of the Corporate Transformation | ||
| The Consolidation of the Hospital System | ||
| The Decomposition of Voluntarism | ||
| The Trajectory of Organization | ||
| Doctors, Corporations, and the State | ||
| Notes | 450 | |
| Index | 496 |
Look this: Encyclopedia of Muscle Strength or Complete Massage
The Worst Person In the World: And 202 Strong Contenders
Author: Keith Olbermann
The stinkers, the rascals, the reprobates. . . and the just plain dumb.
(Yes, Bill, he's talking about you.)
Geraldo Rivera. The Coca-Cola Company. Victoria Gotti. Tom Cruise. Various members of the Bush administration. All have earned the dishonor of "Worst Person in the World," awarded by MSNBC's witty and controversial reporter Keith Olbermann on his nightly MSNBC show Countdown with Keith Olbermann. Now, he brings all his bronze, silver, and gold medalists together in this wildly entertaining collection that reveals just how twisted people can be—and how much fun it is to call them out on it.
From tongue-in-cheek observations to truly horrific accounts, Olbermann skewers both the mighty and the meek, the well-known and the anonymous for their misdeeds, including:
Ann Coulter, for, among other things, calling Muslims "ragheads" in a speech to the Conservative Political Action Conference in Washington
Barbara Bush, for making a generous donation to the Hurricane Katrina Relief Fund earmarked exclusively for the purchase of computer software . . . software sold by her son, Neil
The staff of Your World with Neil Cavuto, for the story about the murders of Iraqi civilians that was accompanied by the on-screen graphic: "All-out Civil War in Iraq: Could It Be a Good Thing?"
Olbermann also reports on some of the recent fallout from his awards, such as the controversy with John Gibson and the mysterious disappearance of remarks about Cindy Sheehan on Rush Limbaugh's Web site. Plus, he reveals the winner of the most coveted award of all: "Worst in Show."
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